Expat Relocation Guides | Updated April 2026

Relocation & Moving to the UK

Everything you need to plan and execute a move to the UK — from choosing your visa route and shipping your belongings, to your first week in a new home and building a life from scratch.

12+ Relocation guides
5 Journey stages
2026 Fully updated
Couple with their dog sitting among moving boxes in a new UK home, holding house keys
Key Things to Know

Three things every person relocating to the UK needs to know

01
Apply for ToR1 customs relief before your belongings arrive

If you've lived outside the UK for at least 12 months, you can import your household goods and personal effects free of duty and VAT under Transfer of Residence relief. But you must apply before the goods arrive — you cannot claim it retrospectively. It can save thousands on a full container load.

ToR1 customs relief guide →
02
Your visa timeline sets every other deadline

Skilled Worker Visa processing typically takes 3–8 weeks once you have a job offer. Family visas can take 8–24 weeks. Factor this into your shipping timeline, tenancy start date, and notice period at your current job. Everything downstream — housing, school registration, GP registration — flows from when your visa is granted.

All visa routes →
03
Register with a GP in week one — not when you need one

GP surgeries are the gateway to all NHS care in the UK. You can register even before you are unwell, and you should do so in your first week. Some practices have waiting lists or are not accepting new patients — registering early gives you options. Visa holders who paid the Immigration Health Surcharge are entitled to NHS care immediately on arrival.

GP registration guide →
Arrival

Your first 30 days in the UK

The first month is about getting the administrative foundations in place — everything that enables everything else. These are the highest-priority tasks.

Shipping & Customs

Moving your belongings to the UK

How you ship depends on where you are moving from, how much you're bringing, and your budget. These guides cover every main option — plus the customs relief that most people don't claim.

Customs relief
Transfer of Residence (ToR1) Relief — claim before your goods arrive

If you've lived outside the UK for 12+ months, you can import personal belongings free of duty and VAT. Apply before arrival — this cannot be claimed retrospectively.

Read the ToR1 guide →
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Frequently Asked Questions

Relocation Questions Every Expat Asks

From timeline and costs to customs, visas, and what to do on day one — answered clearly, without the jargon.

The timeline depends primarily on your visa route. A Skilled Worker Visa typically takes 3–8 weeks once a job offer is secured. Family visas can take 8–24 weeks. Once your visa is approved, practical relocation — finding housing, shipping belongings, and setting up utilities — typically takes a further 4–12 weeks. Budget at least 3–6 months from decision to arrival for a comfortable timeline.
The most important tasks in your first 30 days: register with a GP (your NHS gateway), apply for a National Insurance number (required for work and benefits), open a UK bank account, collect your Biometric Residence Permit if applicable, and register your address with your local council. If you have children, register them with a school early — popular schools fill quickly.
Yes, under the Transfer of Residence (ToR1) relief scheme. If you have lived outside the UK for at least 12 months and are moving your normal place of residence to the UK, you can import household goods and personal effects duty-free and VAT-free. You must apply before your belongings arrive — you cannot claim it retrospectively. Goods must have been owned and used by you for at least 6 months before import. See our full ToR1 guide for how to apply.
Sea freight is generally the cheapest for large volumes, typically costing £1,000–£4,000 for a full container load from Europe, rising to £3,000–£8,000+ from further afield. Shared container (groupage) services reduce costs significantly for partial loads. Road freight from continental Europe is competitive for mid-volume moves and faster than sea. Air freight is the most expensive and only cost-effective for small, high-value items.
It depends on your nationality and circumstances. British and Irish citizens do not need a visa. EU, EEA, and Swiss nationals who arrived before 31 December 2020 and hold settled or pre-settled status can continue living in the UK. New arrivals from EU countries need a visa — typically a Skilled Worker, Family, or Student Visa. US, Australian, Canadian, and other non-EU nationals also need a visa for anything beyond a short visit. See our visa guides to find the right route.
Costs vary widely. Key items: visa application fee (£719+ for Skilled Worker), Immigration Health Surcharge (£1,035 per year per adult), international shipping (£1,000–£8,000+ depending on volume and origin), UK rental deposit (typically 5 weeks' rent), and initial setup costs. A realistic budget for a single person relocating from Europe is £5,000–£10,000 before the first payslip. Families and those relocating from outside Europe should budget significantly more.
Yes, but the rules are strict. Your pet must be microchipped, vaccinated against rabies, and have an official health certificate issued by an official veterinarian in your country. Dogs also require a tapeworm treatment. From non-EU countries, a blood titre test demonstrating rabies antibodies is also required. Allow 3–6 months to complete the required documentation before travel.
The Immigration Health Surcharge (IHS) is paid as part of most visa applications and grants access to NHS services during your stay. The current rate is £1,035 per year per adult and £776 per year for children and students. You pay the full amount upfront for the duration of your visa. Health and Care Worker Visa holders are exempt. British and Irish citizens and those with settled status do not pay it.
London offers the highest salaries and the largest expat community but the highest cost of living. Manchester, Birmingham, Edinburgh, and Bristol offer strong job markets at lower costs. For families, suburban areas around major cities often offer the best balance of schools, green space, and commuting access. See our cost of living guide for a city-by-city breakdown.
If you hold a licence from a designated country (including EU states, USA, Australia, Canada, Japan, and others), you can exchange it for a UK licence without retaking a test. Apply within 12 months of becoming a UK resident. If your country is not on the designated list, you must take the UK theory and practical tests. You can drive on a valid foreign licence for up to 12 months from when you became a UK resident. See the full driving licence guide.
Most visa holders who pay the Immigration Health Surcharge have full access to NHS services and do not strictly need private insurance. However, private cover is worth considering if you want faster access to specialists or private hospital facilities. Some employers include private health cover as a benefit. See our health insurance guide for a full breakdown.
Most Skilled Worker Visa applicants need a confirmed job offer from a licensed UK sponsor before applying. The main UK job boards are Reed, Indeed, LinkedIn, Totaljobs, and CV-Library. UK-style CVs differ from resumes in other countries — typically 2 pages, no photo, achievements-focused. Many expats secure roles remotely before arriving, particularly in tech, finance, and professional services. See our job-finding guide for detail.

Written by Charlie Burton — edited by Ruxandra Maria

Immigration & Relocation Writer · Moving to the UK · All guides reviewed against current Home Office and HMRC guidance before publication. About Charlie →